Table of Contents at IgMin Research

The Aral Sea is located in the heart of Asia, in Central Asia, spanning the western part of Kazakhstan and the northwestern part of Uzbekistan. It is a transient lake that emerged in its current location approximately 600–700 years ago. Until the 1960s, the surface level of the Aral Sea continued to rise due to the inflow from the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers.

A new outbreak of the Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) has raised significant public health concerns as it spreads rapidly across several regions. While HMPV is not a novel virus, the current outbreak appears to exhibit unusual patterns in transmission and severity, sparking global speculation among researchers and healthcare professionals.

Background: Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) toxicity is a growing concern due to its prevalence usage in various industrial and environmental settings. Prolonged exposure to aluminum chloride can lead to oxidative stress, electrolyte imbalances, and alterations in lipid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation of ascorbic acid and Massularia acuminata extracts on electrolyte function and lipid profile parameters in adult Wistar rats exposed to aluminum chloride toxicity. Methodology: The stem barks of Massularia... acuminata were air-dried at room temperature for thirty (30) days and were mechanically ground into fine powder by using an electrical mill. The powder was kept in air-tight container until use. Six hundred (600 g) of the dried powders was dissolved in 4 litres of 80 % (v/v) of methanol, ethanol and butanol respectively for 72 h with occasional agitation using sterile rod. The resulting mixture obtained was then filtered using pieces of white cotton gauze and concentrated in a rotary evaporator following by dryness under vacuo at 40 0C in a rotary evaporator. The extracts that were obtained were then concentrated to dryness ‘in vacuo’ to yield the respective solvent extracts For the animal study, then, fifty Adult Wistar rats was randomly divided into several groups, including a control group, an aluminum chloride-exposed group, and treatment groups supplemented with ascorbic acid, Massularia acuminata extracts, and combination of both in varied doses. The dosage of supplementation was determined based on preliminary experiments and relevant literature. The rats in the aluminum chloride-exposed group and the treatment groups received oral administration of aluminum chloride at a specific dose of (34 mg/kg) for a defined duration to induce toxicity. The control group received a placebo. The treatment groups received supplementation of Ascorbic Acid and Massularia acuminata extracts received daily oral supplementation of ascorbic acid, Massularia acuminata extracts, or a combination of both, while the control and aluminum chloride-exposed groups received a placebo. Results: The result showed that there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the lipid profile of Total Cholesterol (TC), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and a non-significant decrease in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) treated with vitamin C while a significant decrease in the level of HDL, VLDL, LDL and cholesterol were observed from the groups treated with the various plant extracts. Conclusion: From the study, it can therefore be concluded that ethanol leaf extract of Massularia acuminata has protective effect against aluminium chloride induced hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress and alterations in lipid and electrolyte profile in Wistar rats. Read more

This research used the calculating method of dry deposition to estimate ammonia (NH3) dry deposition value and evaluate its trend in 5 recent years. The results indicate that NH3 concentration is from 1.5 to 11ppb and sites in Southern Vietnam have higher NH3 gas concentration than Northern Vietnam. The high emitted concentration in September is at the Can Tho site in 2019 and in March at the Ha Noi site in 2023. The 2021 year has the highest NH3 dry deposition with 35.59 kg/ha/ year and the 2023 year has the lowest NH3 dry deposition with 24.4... kg/ha/year. Hoa Binh site has the highest NH3 dry deposition and a strong increase in December 2021. The Can Tho site has high NH3 dry deposition in most of the years from 2019 to 2023. The rural site reveals higher NH3 dry deposition than other sites due to agricultural activities. Medium NH3 dry deposition in 2021 is higher than other years with the biggest gap between years of NH3 dry deposition. The decreasing trend of NH3 dry deposition occurred from 1999 to 2023 and there is a strong increase in 2021, then it is sharp decrease to 2023. The decreasing trend reveals a perfect signal for improving environmental quality in good monitoring with NH3 dry deposition.Read more

Recently, environmental pollution has acquired the character of a global environmental threat, the current situation causes concern for the authorities, scientists, and the public and the need to develop simple and sufficiently effective technologies for the return to nature of elements that have been re-formed in the course of economic processes and thus become pollutants.Traditionally used physical and chemical methods are effective, but very expensive and may cause additional load on ecosystems. Existing outdated technologies and equipment f...or wastewater treatment need to be replaced with new ones.Phytoremediation is a set of methods for treating wastewater, soil and atmospheric air with the help of green plants. Due to differences in plant physiology, not all plants can collect heavy metals or organic pollutants. Even varieties of the same species can accumulate pollutants.The work aims to investigate natural means of cleaning the environment by phytoremediation.Several field trials confirmed the possibility of using the Paulownia plant for cleaning the air environment of Almaty city. The results of the study showed that the fast-growing Paulownia tree in areas with heavy metal-contaminated cadmium, lead, arsenic and antimony polluted and disturbed soils can be rehabilitated or reclaimed.All advantages and limitations of the phytoremediation method were investigated and experimentally demonstrated. The obtained research results confirm the prospects of the phytoremediation method for reducing environmental impact on contaminated soils.Read more

The wear behavior in solid metallic materials is of high importance because of its connection with production cost. In this work, the behavior of wear and wear rate is shown in grinding balls produced from high Fe-Cr-C alloys produced by melting in medium frequency induction furnaces, and molding by automatic fleckless molding machine– Disamatic moldings machine. The total testing time is (12 hrs). The abrasive wear rate, which is the wear resistance multiplied by testing time in mg/Kg.hr. Two grinding balls of each of the three alloys: B...C26, BC18, and BC13 are tested by rotating the balls with (50 Kg), cement powder inside a diesel working mixer of circular sections, inclined 45 and rotating by 30 rpm. Weighting and hardness testing results are found in the text, the chemical composition was tested by using spectra analyses type ARL 34000 OE. All the results obtained are shown in the tables and figures in the text. As a result, it can be stated that increasing Cr%, increases hardness, and decreases the wear rate, and the harder and higher the Cr% and C% it contains, the lower the wear rate and the higher wear resistance.Read more

This paper describes the findings from an experimental study of the performance of commercially pure titanium and the alloy Ti/6Al/4V in high velocity 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution with and without suspended solids. The investigation involved mass loss measurements, electrochemical monitoring, surface profiling and microscopical examination. Submerged jet testing equipment was utilised using 90° impingement. The two materials exhibited excellent durability in solids-free saline water under an extremely high impingement velocity of 71 m/s at am...bient temperature (18-20 °C) and 50 °C. In the presence of suspended sand over the range of 500 - 1800 mg/l, however, the durability of the materials was severely compromised under a jet velocity of about 12.6 m/s. The Ti/6Al/4V alloy demonstrated somewhat superior resistance to erosion corrosion than the commercially pure titanium. A major objective of the work, namely the quantification of the proportions of pure mechanical erosion, pure corrosion and the interactive synergy components, was accomplished. An additional feature of the research involved the adoption of an experimental methodology that facilitates the discrimination of damage between the two hydrodynamic zones (directly impinged and surrounding regions) via the use of a segmented specimen arrangement. This procedure demonstrated that, whilst the most severe damage was experienced in the zone under direct impingement from a small diameter nozzle, there was, nevertheless, a significant attack within the surrounding region where the fluid flow was at lower angles.Read more

Background: Zinc deficiency has been identified as a contributing factor to poor appetite, impaired immune function, and various gastrointestinal disturbances in young children. Objective: To assess the effect of zinc supplementation on vomiting status in anorexic children. Methods: A randomized, controlled, single-blinded clinical trial. Fifty vomiting anorexic children (3–36 months old) without infection and gastro-intestinal outlet obstructions were selected on admission to the nutrition recovery center: 25 (supplemented, S g...roup) received 10mg/child daily of elemental zinc supplementation as gluconate with iron and vitamins of supplemental dosage, and 25 (non-supplemented, NS group) received a similar one but without zinc for 90 days. All children were also observed during a 90-day post-supplementation period, one child of the S group and four children of the NS group dropped out. On days 7, 10, and 15 the vomiting status was assessed. On days 0 and 30, the levels of energy intake and weight gain were measured. On days 0 and 90, serum zinc levels were also measured. Results: On days 7, 10, and 15, the healed proportions of the vomiting children were significantly higher (83.3% vs. 0.0%; 87.5% vs. 4.8% and 95.5% vs. 19%) in the S group than that in the NS group (p < 0.001 for each). On day 30, the levels of energy intake (108 ± 20 vs. 82 ± 16 Kcal/kg/day) and weight gain (414  120 vs. 248 ± 102 g/child/mo) were significantly higher in the S group than in the NS group (p < 0.001 for each). Serum zinc levels (µg/dl) were significantly higher (76.8 ± 8.4 vs. 71.2 ± 6.3, p < 0.05) in the S group than in the NS group on day 90. Conclusion: This study supports the role of zinc in protracted vomiting not due to gastro-intestinal outlet obstructions in anorexic children, while pointing out the need for large studies.Read more

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic auto-immune disease that mostly occurs in joint space with remarkably painful swelling. RA detail pathologies remain unclear, but several C-C motif chemokines factors and Interleukin have been identified as associated factors and correlated disease-associate activities (such as CCL2, CCL18, IL-6). Among these factors, increasing evidence indicates CCL18 could be an appropriate drug target, as it is highly correlated with disease-associated activities (DAS28) (elevated level of CCL18 in both patient serum a...nd local synovial fluids). High-concentration CCL18 in synovial fluids has been reported to facilitate pro-inflammation factor production, finally resulting in painful swelling in joint space. In vivo studies showed significant drug efficiency with anti-TNF-a treatment (CCl18 suppression). Most current approved drugs target TNF, IL-6, or other factors, but do not target CCL18 directly or indirectly. From this perspective, CCL18 has been believed to be a new target for RA therapeutic drug development.Read more

Chronic pain is the top reason to seek care, the top cause of disability and addiction, and the primary driver of healthcare utilization. More than half of the persons seeking care for pain conditions at 1 month still have pain 5 years later despite treatment due to lack of training patients in reducing the many patient-centered risk factors that lead to delayed recovery, chronic pain, and in some cases, addiction. Chronic pain has emerged as a significant public health crisis, affecting millions worldwide and leading to considerable personal a...nd societal burdens. Defined as pain lasting longer than three months, chronic pain can stem from various conditions, including myofascial pain, joint and skeletal disorders, neuropathic conditions, and headaches, among others. The widespread prevalence of chronic pain affects not only the individuals who suffer from it but also their families, workplaces, and healthcare systems. Understanding the multifaceted nature of chronic pain and exploring evidence-based solutions are crucial for mitigating its impact and improving individual and societal health outcomes. A solution to this crisis is to integrate prevention training and support for patients with pain conditions to reduce the risk factors that drive chronic pain and implement protective self-care actions that heal pain conditions. Prevention programs are greatly needed to be reimbursed and easily integrated into routine care similar to blood studies, urinalysis, and imaging. This paper describes the characteristics and implementation of prevention programs to prevent chronic pain and its consequences.Read more

This study introduces a novel sorption-spectrophotometric method for the determination of lead(II) ions in water, addressing the critical need for sensitive and selective environmental monitoring. The method utilizes Amido Black (AB), a diazo dye, immobilized on a hexamethylenediamine-modified polyacrylonitrile fibrous support (PPD-1). The resulting immobilized reagent system (Pb(II)-AB/PPD-1) exhibits a significant bathochromic shift upon complexation with Pb(II), enabling spectrophotometric determination at 490 nm.Optimal conditions for immob...ilization and complexation were established, including a pH range of 6-7 and an AB concentration of 8.2·10⁻⁵ M on the support. The method demonstrates a linear response to Pb(II) concentrations between 5 - 50 µg/ml (R² = 0.9938), with a low limit of detection (0.141) and quantification (0.47). Interference from common metal ions was minimal or mitigated with citric acid. Application to natural water samples showed excellent accuracy and precision (RSD ≤ 2.9).The immobilized system offers a simplified procedure by eliminating elution steps, enhancing throughput, and achieving a ten-fold improvement in the limit of detection compared to solution-based methods. This rapid, sensitive, and selective method presents a promising alternative for lead(II) determination, offering comparable or superior performance with added benefits of simplicity and enhanced sensitivity.Read more